| Name | Family | Manufacturer | Maiden Flight Date | Active | Reusable | Launch Count | Length (m) | Max Diameter (m) | LEO Capacity (kg) | GTO Capacity (kg) | Thrust at Liftoff (kN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soyuz-5 | Soyuz-5 | RKK Energiya | — | ✔ | ✘ | 0 | 65.258 | 4.1 | 17000.0 | 5000.0 | 7257.0 |
| Soyuz-FG | Progress Rocket Space Center | 06/02/2003 | ✘ | ✘ | 10 | 4.95 | 2.68 | 7100.0 | — | — | |
| Soyuz STA | Soyuz, Soyuz 2 | Progress Rocket Space Center | 12/17/2011 | ✔ | ✘ | 8 | 46.3 | 2.95 | 7020.0 | 2810.0 | — |
| Soyuz STB | Soyuz, Soyuz 2 | Progress Rocket Space Center | 10/21/2011 | ✔ | ✘ | 14 | 46.3 | 2.95 | 8200.0 | 3250.0 | — |
| Soyuz STB | Soyuz, Soyuz 2 | Progress Rocket Space Center | 10/12/2012 | ✔ | ✘ | 5 | 46.3 | 2.95 | 8200.0 | 3250.0 | — |
| Soyuz U | Soyuz | Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | 05/18/1973 | ✘ | ✘ | 714 | 51.1 | 2.95 | 6900.0 | — | — |
| Soyuz-U | Soviet Space Program | 12/23/1982 | ✘ | ✘ | 71 | 34.54 | 2.95 | 7050.0 | — | — | |
| Soyuz-U-PVB | Soyuz | Progress Rocket Space Center | 03/21/1984 | ✘ | ✘ | 74 | 51.0 | 3.0 | 6900.0 | — | — |
| Space Launch System (SLS) | Space Launch System | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | — | ✘ | ✘ | 0 | 111.0 | 8.4 | 105000.0 | — | 39000.0 |
| Space Launch System (SLS) | Space Launch System | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | 11/16/2022 | ✔ | ✘ | 1 | 111.0 | 8.4 | 95000.0 | — | 39000.0 |
| SpaceShipTwo | Virgin Galactic | 10/10/2010 | ✔ | ✔ | 67 | 18.0 | 8.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 310.0 | |
| Space Shuttle | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | 04/12/1981 | ✘ | ✔ | 135 | 56.1 | 8.0 | 27500.0 | — | 28200.0 | |
| SPARK | Sandia National Laboratories | 11/04/2015 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPARTA | Chrysler | 11/28/1966 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | 21.8 | 1.78 | 45.0 | — | 416.0 | |
| Spectrum | Isar Aerospace | 03/30/2025 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | 28.0 | 2.0 | 1000.0 | — | 675.0 | |
| Sputnik 11A59 | Sputnik | Energia | 12/01/1963 | ✘ | ✘ | 2 | 30.0 | 2.99 | 1400.0 | — | 3999.0 |
| Sputnik 8A91 | Sputnik | Energia | 02/03/1958 | ✘ | ✘ | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Sputnik 8K74PS | Sputnik | Energia | 10/04/1957 | ✘ | ✘ | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| SR75 | HyImpulse | 05/03/2024 | ✔ | ✘ | 1 | — | 0.64 | — | — | 75.0 | |
| SS-520 | S-Series | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | 02/03/2018 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | — | 0.5 | 4.0 | — | — |
| SS-520 | S-Series | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | 01/14/2017 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | 9.7 | 0.5 | 4.0 | — | — |
| SSLV | Indian Space Research Organization | 08/07/2022 | ✔ | ✘ | 3 | 34.0 | 2.0 | 500.0 | — | — | |
| Starship | Starship | SpaceX | 01/16/2025 | ✘ | ✔ | 5 | 123.3 | 9.0 | 35000.0 | — | 73550.0 |
| Starship | Starship | SpaceX | 04/20/2023 | ✘ | ✔ | 6 | 121.3 | 9.0 | 15000.0 | — | 73550.0 |
| Starship | Starship | SpaceX | — | ✔ | ✘ | 0 | 124.4 | 9.0 | 100000.0 | — | 80807.0 |