Previous Spaceflight Launches

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Molniya-M | Molniya-3 18L

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Oct. 28, 1977, 1:37 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Molniya communication satellites operating from a highly elliptical orbit

Elliptical Orbit
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Tsiklon-2 | IS-A 7

Yuzhnoye Design Bureau | Ukraine
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Oct. 26, 1977, 5:14 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Second generation ASAT satellite

Low Earth Orbit
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Kosmos-3M | Tselina-O 36

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Oct. 25, 1977, 5:25 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

The Tselina-O (11F616) was one component of two-satellite Tselina ELINT satellite system. Tselina-O provided general ELINT surveillance to be examined in detail by the larger Tselina-D satellites.

Low Earth Orbit
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Delta 2914 | ISEE 1 & 2

McDonnell Douglas | United States of America
Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA
Oct. 22, 1977, 1:53 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Highly eccentric multi-spacecraft astrophysics mission

Elliptical Orbit
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Kosmos-3M | DS-P1-M 12

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Oct. 21, 1977, 10:05 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

ASAT target satellite

Low Earth Orbit
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Soyuz U | Zenit-6U 4

Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Oct. 11, 1977, 3:14 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Optical film-return reconnaissance satellite

Low Earth Orbit
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Soyuz U | Soyuz 25

Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Oct. 9, 1977, 2:40 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Soyuz 25 was meant to be the first crewed flight to the new Salyut 6 space station. The mission began on October 9, 1977, 02:40:35 UTC, launching Commander Vladimir Kovalyonok and Flight Engineer Valery Rumin into orbit. However, they failed to dock with the station despite five attempts, and had to abort the mission. The mission concluded with a safe landing back on Earth on October 11, 1977, 03:25:20 UTC.

Low Earth Orbit
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Soyuz U | Zenit-4MKM 6

Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Sept. 30, 1977, 9:46 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

High-resolution film-return Zenit reconnaissance satellite

Low Earth Orbit
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Atlas SLV-3D Centaur | Intelsat-4A 5

Convair | United States of America
Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA
Sept. 30, 1977, 1:02 a.m.
Status: Launch Failure
Mission:

Geostationary communications satellite developed by Hughes Aircraft Company

Geostationary Orbit
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Proton | Salyut-6

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Sept. 29, 1977, 6:50 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Sixth operational Salyut space station

Low Earth Orbit
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