Previous Spaceflight Launches

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Atlas SLV-3A Agena D | Aquacade 3

Convair | United States of America
Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA
Dec. 11, 1977, 10:45 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Geostationary signals intelligence satellite (TELINT).

Geostationary Orbit
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Soyuz-U | Soyuz 26

Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Dec. 10, 1977, 1:18 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Soyuz 26 carried Salyut 6 EO-1, which was the first long-duration expedition to the Salyut 6 space station. The mission began on December 10, 1977, 01:18:40 UTC, launching Commander Yuri Romanenko and Flight Engineer Georgi Grechko into orbit. They docked with the station the next day. During their 96-day stay in orbit, crew performed the first Soviet spacewalk since 1969 with the purpose of inspecting one of the stations docking ports. They also performed Earth observation, carried out various experiments and tested new navigation system. EO-1 crew was visited by Soyuz 27 and Soyuz 28 crews; the first ever refueling of the station was performed by an uncrewed cargo ship Progress 1 during the mission. EO-1 crew swapped vehicles with the Soyuz 27 crew, which allowed for a longer stay in orbit. EO-1 crew returned in the Soyuz 27 spacecraft, landing safely back on Earth on March 16, 1978, 11:18:47 UTC.

Low Earth Orbit
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Atlas F/MSD | Parcae 2A,B,C & MSD 2

Convair | United States of America
Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA
Dec. 8, 1977, 5:45 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

The Parcae satellites were passive ELINT satellites. MSD satellites were dispensers of triplets of ocean surveillance satellites.

Low Earth Orbit
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Kosmos-3M | Taifun-2 4

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Dec. 8, 1977, 11 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Taifun-2 satellite used to release up to 24 subsatellites for radar and sensor calibration

Low Earth Orbit
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Soyuz U | Zenit-4MKM 7

Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Dec. 4, 1977, noon
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

High-resolution film-return Zenit reconnaissance satellite

Low Earth Orbit
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Kosmos-3M | Tsikada 3

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Nov. 29, 1977, 7:05 a.m.
Status: Launch Failure
Mission:

Civilian navigation satellite equivalent to the purely military Parus

Low Earth Orbit
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Kosmos-3M | Sfera 17

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Nov. 24, 1977, 2:30 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

The Sfera or Geoid series were the first soviet geodetic satellites to improve the accuracy of maps. The development of the satellites started in 1965 at NPO-PM.

Low Earth Orbit
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Delta 2914 | Meteosat 1

McDonnell Douglas | United States of America
Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA
Nov. 23, 1977, 1:35 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

European meteorological satellite

Geostationary Orbit
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Kosmos-3M | Zaliv 24

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Oct. 28, 1977, 4 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

The first soviet navigation system called Tsiklon consisted of Zaliv satellites in low earth orbit.

Low Earth Orbit
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Scout D-1 | Transat O-11

Vought | United States of America
Vandenberg SFB, CA, USA
Oct. 28, 1977, 4:52 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Transat (Translation Satellite) was the Transit-O 11 satellite, modified to serve a dual role in both the Transit navigation system and the experimental SATRACK (Satellite Tracking) system.

Polar Orbit
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