The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) is a three-satellite regional time transfer system and the satellite-based augmentation system for the GPS that would be receivable within Japan. The primary purpose of QZSS is to increase the availability of GPS in Japan's numerous urban canyons, where only satellites at very high elevation can be seen. A secondary function is performance enhancement, increasing the accuracy and reliability of GPS derived navigation solutions. A single satellite weighs about 4000 kg, has an expected lifetime of 15 years and is put in a elliptical, highly inclined geosynchronous orbit.
Geosynchronous Transfer OrbitGonets-M are an upgraded version of Gonets satellites, derived from military communications system Strela-3. Gonets-M constellation is tasked with monitoring ecological and industrial objects, providing communication and data transmission services, covering also the remote areas like the Far North region.
Low Earth OrbitGlonass-M, also known as Uragan-M, are the second generation of Uragan satellite design used for GLONASS satellite navigation system. GLONASS is a Russian space-based navigation system comparable to the similar GPS and Galileo systems. This generation improves on accuracy, power consumption and design life. Each satellite weighs 1415 kg, is equipped with 12 L-band antennas, and has an operational lifetime of 7 years.
Medium Earth OrbitRASCOM-QAF 1R is a replacement for RASCOM-QAF 1 which suffered a leak and as a result only had a lifespan of 2 years. Providing Africa with telecommunications, covering the whole continent. Nilesat 201 is an Egyptian communications satellite which serves North Africa and the Middle East with Direct to Home TV and radio broadcasting. It operated at 7 degrees West.
Geostationary Transfer Orbit