Previous Spaceflight Launches

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Soyuz U | Zenit-4MKM 25

Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Dec. 26, 1978, 3:30 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

High-resolution film-return Zenit reconnaissance satellite

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Kosmos-3M | Sfera 18

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Dec. 26, 1978, 1:30 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

The Sfera or Geoid series were the first soviet geodetic satellites to improve the accuracy of maps. The development of the satellites started in 1965 at NPO-PM.

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Vostok 8A92M | Astrofizika

RKK Energiya | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Dec. 23, 1978, 8:39 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Astrophysics (not confirmed) satellite

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Kosmos-3M | Taifun-2 5

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Kapustin Yar, Russian Federation
Dec. 22, 1978, 10 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Taifun-2 satellite used to release up to 24 subsatellites for radar and sensor calibration

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Kosmos-3M | Parus 16

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Dec. 20, 1978, 8:43 p.m.
Status: Launch Failure
Mission:

Navigation satellite providing location information for the Tsiklon-B navigation system

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Proton-K/DM | Gorizont 1

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Dec. 19, 1978, 12:15 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Geostationary communications satellite

Geostationary Orbit
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Vostok 8A92M | Tselina-D 17

RKK Energiya | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Dec. 19, 1978, 1:35 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Tselina-D satellites provided detailed observation of radio sources detected by the smaller Tselina-O satellites as part of the Tselina ELINT system.

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Delta 3914 | Anik B

McDonnell Douglas | United States of America
Cape Canaveral SFS, FL, USA
Dec. 16, 1978, 12:21 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Canadian communications satellite

Geostationary Orbit
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Kosmos-3M | Tselina-O 38

Russian Space Forces | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Dec. 15, 1978, 1:19 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

The Tselina-O (11F616) was one component of two-satellite Tselina ELINT satellite system. Tselina-O provided general ELINT surveillance to be examined in detail by the larger Tselina-D satellites.

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Soyuz U | Zenit-2M 93

Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | Russia
Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russian Federation
Dec. 14, 1978, 3:20 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

The soviet Zenit-2M (Gektor, 11F690) was an improved version of the Zenit-2 area surveillance reconnaissance satellite. It was part of the Vostok-based Zenit-family.

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