| Name | Family | Manufacturer | Maiden Flight Date | Active | Reusable | Launch Count | Length (m) | Max Diameter (m) | LEO Capacity (kg) | GTO Capacity (kg) | Thrust at Liftoff (kN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start | — | Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology | 03/28/1995 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | 28.9 | 1.61 | 645 | — | 887 |
| Starship Prototype | — | SpaceX | 07/26/2019 | ✘ | ✔ | 9 | 50.0 | 9.0 | — | — | — |
| Starship | — | SpaceX | 04/20/2023 | ✔ | ✔ | 3 | 120.0 | 9.0 | 100000 | 21000 | 72000 |
| SSLV | — | Indian Space Research Organization | 08/07/2022 | ✔ | ✘ | 2 | 34.0 | 2.0 | 500 | — | — |
| SS-520 | — | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | 02/03/2018 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | — | 0.5 | 4 | — | — |
| SS-520 | — | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | 01/14/2017 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | 9.7 | 0.5 | 4 | — | — |
| SR75 | — | HyImpulse | 05/03/2024 | ✔ | ✘ | 1 | — | 0.64 | — | — | 75 |
| Sputnik 8K74PS | — | Energia | 10/04/1957 | ✘ | ✘ | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Sputnik 8A91 | — | Energia | 02/03/1958 | ✘ | ✘ | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Sputnik 11A59 | — | Energia | 12/01/1963 | ✘ | ✘ | 2 | 30.0 | 2.99 | 1400 | — | 3999 |
| Spectrum | — | Isar Aerospace | — | ✘ | ✘ | 0 | 28.0 | 2.0 | 1000 | — | 675 |
| SPARTA | — | Chrysler | 11/28/1966 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | 21.8 | 1.78 | 45 | — | 416 |
| SPARK | — | Sandia National Laboratories | 11/04/2015 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Space Shuttle | — | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | 04/12/1981 | ✘ | ✔ | 135 | 56.1 | 8.0 | 27500 | — | 28200 |
| SpaceShipTwo | — | Virgin Galactic | 10/10/2010 | ✔ | ✔ | 66 | 18.0 | 8.2 | 0 | 0 | 310 |
| Space Launch System (SLS) | — | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | 11/16/2022 | ✔ | ✘ | 1 | 111.0 | 8.4 | 95000 | — | 39000 |
| Space Launch System (SLS) | — | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | — | ✘ | ✘ | 0 | 111.0 | 8.4 | 105000 | — | 39000 |
| Soyuz-U-PVB | — | Progress Rocket Space Center | 03/21/1984 | ✘ | ✘ | 74 | 51.0 | 3.0 | 6900 | — | — |
| Soyuz-U | — | Soviet Space Program | 12/23/1982 | ✘ | ✘ | 71 | 34.54 | 2.95 | 7050 | — | — |
| Soyuz U | — | Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | 05/18/1973 | ✘ | ✘ | 714 | 51.1 | 2.95 | 6900 | — | — |
| Soyuz STB | — | Progress Rocket Space Center | 10/12/2012 | ✔ | ✘ | 5 | 46.3 | 2.95 | 8200 | 3250 | — |
| Soyuz STB | — | Progress Rocket Space Center | 10/21/2011 | ✔ | ✘ | 14 | 46.3 | 2.95 | 8200 | 3250 | — |
| Soyuz STA | — | Progress Rocket Space Center | 12/17/2011 | ✔ | ✘ | 8 | 46.3 | 2.95 | 7020 | 2810 | — |
| Soyuz-FG | — | Progress Rocket Space Center | 06/02/2003 | ✘ | ✘ | 10 | 4.95 | 2.68 | 7100 | — | — |
| Soyuz 2-1v | — | Progress Rocket Space Center | 12/28/2013 | ✔ | ✘ | 8 | 44.0 | 3.0 | 2850 | — | — |