Proton

In-active

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center (KhSC)

Nov. 16, 1968

Description

Specifications
  • Length
    ―
  • Diameter
    ―
  • Fairing Diameter
    ―
  • Launch Mass
    ―
  • Thrust
    ―
Family
  • Name
    Proton
  • Family
    ―
  • Variant
    K
  • Alias
    ―
  • Full Name
    Proton-K
Payload Capacity
  • Launch Cost
    ―
  • Low Earth Orbit
    ―
  • Geostationary Transfer Orbit
    ―
  • Direct Geostationary
    ―
  • Sun-Synchronous Capacity
    ―

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center

Government
Director: Andrey Vladimirovich Kalinovskiy
KhSC 1916

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center is a Moscow-based producer of spacecraft and space-launch systems, including the Proton and Rokot rockets and is currently developing the Angara rocket family. The Proton launch vehicle launches from Baikonur and Rokot launches from Baikonur and Plesetsk. Angara will launch from Plesetsk and Vostochny.

Previous Flights

flew on 29 previous launch(es).

Proton | Zvezda

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
July 12, 2000, 4:56 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

The Service Module SM (Zvesda, DOS 8 (Dolgovremennaya Orbitalnaya Stanziya 8), 17KSM) was the first fully Russian contribution to the International Space Station and serves as the early cornerstone for the first human habitation of the station.

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Zarya

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Nov. 20, 1998, 6:40 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

The Zarya Control Module, also known by the technical term Functional Cargo Block and the Russian acronym FGB, was the first component launched for the International Space Station. This module was designed to provide the station's initial propulsion and power. The 19,323 kilogram pressurized module was launched on a Russian Proton rocket in November 1998.

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Priroda

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
April 23, 1996, 11:48 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Priroda was the last of the scheduled five Russian modules of the Mir space station complex and was launched from the Baykonur cosmodrome by a Proton-K rocket to dock after 3 days rather than the usual 9 days. The launch itself was 3 days earlier than the planned date in order to facilitate an American microbiology program.

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Spektr

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
May 20, 1995, 3:33 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Spektr, a Russian module to dock with the Mir space station complex, was launched from the Baykonur Cosmodrome by a Proton-K rocket.

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Almaz-1

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
March 31, 1991, 3:12 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Radar imagery satellite based on the Almaz space station design

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Kristall

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
May 31, 1990, 10:33 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Expansion module for the Mir space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Kvant-2

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Nov. 26, 1989, 1:01 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Module for the Mir space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Almaz-T 2

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
July 25, 1987, 9 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Radar imagery satellite based on the Almaz space station design

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Kvant

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
March 31, 1987, 12:06 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Kvant module for the Mir space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Almaz-T 1

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Nov. 29, 1986, 8 a.m.
Status: Launch Failure
Mission:

Radar imagery satellite based on the Almaz space station design

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Mir

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Feb. 19, 1986, 9:28 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Core module of the Mir space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | TKS-M

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Sept. 27, 1985, 8:41 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Space station module

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | TKS 3

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
March 2, 1983, 9:37 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Resupply mission for Salyut space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Salyut-7

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
April 19, 1982, 7:45 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Seventh and last operational Salyut space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | TKS 2

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
April 25, 1981, 2:01 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Resupply mission for Salyut space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | TKS-VA 9 & 10

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
May 22, 1979, 11 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Reentry capsule of the TKS spacecraft

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | TKS-VA 5 & 6

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
March 30, 1978, midnight
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Reentry capsule of the TKS spacecraft

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Salyut-6

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Sept. 29, 1977, 6:50 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Sixth operational Salyut space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | TKS-VA 3 & 4

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Aug. 4, 1977, 10 p.m.
Status: Launch Failure
Mission:

Reentry capsule of the TKS spacecraft

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | TKS 1

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
July 17, 1977, 9 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Resupply mission for Salyut space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | TKS-VA 1 & 2

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Dec. 15, 1976, 1:30 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Reentry capsule of the TKS spacecraft

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Salyut-5

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
June 22, 1976, 6:04 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Fifth operational Salyut space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Salyut-4

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Dec. 26, 1974, 4:15 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Fourth operational Salyut space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Salyut-3

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
June 24, 1974, 10:38 p.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Third operational Salyut space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Salyut-3a

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
May 11, 1973, 12:20 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Third Salyut space station launched. Lost due to uncontrolled engines firing, called Kosmos-557 in an attempt to hide its true nature.

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Salyut-2

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
April 3, 1973, 9 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Second crewed space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Salyut-2a

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
July 29, 1972, 3:20 a.m.
Status: Launch Failure
Mission:

Backup of the Salyut 1 space station. Failed to reach orbit.

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Salyut 1

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
April 19, 1971, 1:40 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

First crewed space station

Low Earth Orbit
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Proton | Proton-4

Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | Russia
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan
Nov. 16, 1968, 11:40 a.m.
Status: Launch Successful
Mission:

Satellite designed to study the interaction of elementary particles with energies in excess of 1012 eV up to 1015 eV.

Low Earth Orbit
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